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- (-N Model) P. W. GR OOM.

SHOVEL 0R SPADE HANDLE. No. 315,407 Patented Apr. 7, 1885'.

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NITED STATES PATRICK W. GROOM, OF

PATENT OFFIC SHOVEL OR SPADE HAANDLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 315,407, dated April7,1885.

Application filed Sep'ember 15, 1884. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK W. GRooM, of St. Louis, Missouri, have madea new and useful Improvementin Shovel and Spade Handles, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being hadto the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a side elevation representing the two parts which, whenjoined together, con stitute the improved handle; Fig. 2, an edgeelevation of the parts, and Fig. 3 a side elevation, showing the partsunited to form the handle, part of the shell of the cross-bar beingbroken away to exhibit the interior.

The same letters of reference denote the same parts.

The present improvement relates to shovels and spades whose handles areformed of cast metal.

The improvement consists in the special manner of constructing anduniting the parts of the handle, substantially as hereinafter described,and set forth in the claim.

The handle is composed of two partsa U shaped one, A, which is attachedto the stock B of the blade of the shovel or spade, and a cross-bar, C,which is attached to the upper end of the part A. The part A is attachedto the stock by means of the socket a, with which the part A is providedandinto which the stock is inserted, and to enable the part A to beconnected with the cross-bar it is, at its upper end, provided with theprojections a a, which project upward from the part A at each sidethereof. The projections a" av are not in line with the sides a a of thepart sr. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO GROOM s'HovnL 7 COMPANY, or SAMEPLACE.

A, but a little inwardly therefrom, leaving a shoulder, a w, on theouter side of the proi 40.

The cross-bar O is considered, generally, a

jections a a, respectively.

hollow cylinder having closed ends 0 c, and

within its ends, at c 0', being perforated transversely.

The parts A and O are united by passing the projections a a,respectively, through the perforations c c and riveting the upper endsof the projections, as shown in Fig. 3.

c 0 rest upon the shoulders a a and the crossbar is cut away at itslower corners, c 0, Figs.

1, 2, to enable the lower side, 0 of the shell of the cross-bar to comeinside the upper ends a no openings in which dirt might collect, and rthere are no projections to interfere with the manipulation of thehandle or to catch agains anything.

I claim- When i the two parts are thus fitted together, the ends Thecombination, in a shovel or spadehandle, of the part A, having theprojections a a, with a cross-bar, O, which is perforated to .1 l

receive the projections, which pass through and are riveted upon theupper side of the crossbar, substantially as described.

Witnesses:

(l. D. MOODY, J. W. HOKE.

PATRlCK W. GROOM. i

